JOURNAL :P

Topic: The beginning of the English language.

Audience: Students, English learners,

Purpose: Inform,

Tone: Formal

English language has not been the same since its beginning, the language has suffered a lot of changes because of its amazing history in many places around the world, just like Britain, USA, India, Scotland, Australia, and many other countries where the English has arrived as a native or as a secondary language.

The English language has a really interesting story, which begins with the Germanic tribes many centuries ago, when they arrived to Great Britain in the fifth century. The Old English was a reflection from the Anglo-Norman-French and it continued the same until the arrival of the Vikings in the eleventh century. Since then the English language has changed a lot, many words have been invented and many others have disappeared, the English language has progressed through the years by this way. After that, Old English evolved into Middle English between the twelfth and the fifteenth centuries, the language suffered many changes making it easier to speak, learn and read. This English was the base of the Modern English which is the one we speak now at days, the spelling and phonics were improved a lot making it the Mundial language, because of its easy understanding and the territory expansion of Great Britain.

But evolutions in English have not been enough, because it is so diffused in the world, there are a lot of idioms and many variations in the language. The meaning of the words can be different in many countries, and even the pronunciation from different parts of one country; this affects specially people who want to learn English as a secondary language because they have to acquire a lot of vocabulary, and even they study a lot there will be other kind o English they won’t understand because of the regional idioms and phonics.

English will continue changing through centuries, maybe in fifty years there will be a new meaning for many words we use now, that’s why English is considered a challenging language It has a lot of variations because of the huge expansion it has in the world, nobody can assume what is the proper English, because it is a constant developing language, and eventually will suffer a lot of changes in the future.





Topic: The history of the English language.

Audience: Students, English learner.

Purpose: Inform.

Tone: Formal

Now at days, English is one of the most spoken languages, the most spoken is the Mandarin Chinese, just because of the enormous population of china, it is the default language of the internet, the most studied language in the world with more than four hundred million people learning it and the native languages of many powerful countries, just like USA, United Kingdom, Australia, etc.

Even many people think English comes from England, it came from Germany some millenniums ago, that’s why it has many similarities with modern German. History of English is divided in four periods: Old English period, Middle English period, early modern English period and finally the English of today, which is the one we speak now at days.

“Old English” was the first one, and it was spoken by Germans who lived in the west of their country, the Britons spoke a celtic language, but everything changed after the invasion of the different German tribes that occupied different territories in England, the Saxons and the jutes occupied the lower part of the island while native Britons were forced to move to the north, now Scotland.

“Old English” was spoken by the Saxons and it lacked of vocabulary, so they copied many words from the Celtic language and Vikings. Then there were a lot of invasions and wars between the tribes, this marked the beginning of the Middle English period. The Normans invasion changed a lot the English language because many French words were added to English, increasing the vocabulary of the language, and transforming it a little more to the English we speak now at days. The end of this period came when King John lost the province of Normandy to the king of France, when people started using the English language as the dominant once again.

After the “Middle English” it came the “Early modern English”, which was affected a lot by the Renaissance, adding many Greek and Latin words to the huge vocabulary English how had, including many idioms like the ones added by Shakespeare. Another big change was the phonetic of the vowels in most of the words, that’s why we wouldn’t understand well if we would listen to a “Early modern English” speaker, another factor that had an impact during this period of time was the printing press, because acquiring books was cheaper, so many people was able to read, this standardized in some ways the use of English within the Country. English evolved a lot within a few period of time during the “Early modern English time”, but there were many changes that were made to get the English we have today.

The industry and the scientific discoveries brought another big quantity of words, making even bigger the huge English Vocabulary with words such as Byte, computer, printer, scanner, etc. English is still considered an evolving language, because it will suffer some changes, and it will still acquiring many words in the future, so we have to get familiar with the constant change.

Topic: The history of English and its importance.

Audience: Students, English learners.

Purpose: Inform,

Tone: Formal

English is used all around the world for international communication, because it is the Universal language, it is spoken even in countries where the native language is other, but because it is the official language of internet, business and many other important areas of today’s World, that’s why it’s really important to learn English for having more opportunities.

The English language has a lot of similarities with other languages such as Latin, Spanish, German, French, Italian, etc, because Great Britain was a territory with many different tribes that fought for territory acquiring many words from the other cultures; the invasion of the Vikings, the Renaissance, the relations with other European countries such as France and Spain formed the huge vocabulary English has now at days, copying the roots of many words from the mentioned languages.

The huge expansion English has is also a consequence of the imperialism that took place some centuries ago, Grat Britain conquered many little countries, forcing them to learn English as their first or second language. That is why English is spoke a lot in some countries like India, country where Great Britain hold control for a period of time.

There are some variations in the English language depending in the geographical place where it is spoken, for example: It is not the same English the one that is spoken in England than the spoken in the United States, even the language is the same, it presents changes in the idioms, the pronunciation and even the grammar. Many technological words just appeared some years ago, and they have become really used in the daily day, English will continue evolving, making the learning of the language a little more difficult to achieve.